Input Devices

An input device is any machine that feeds data,information,and instruction into a computer.We may classify input device into two broad categories:

                    1.Basic input device.                               2.Specilized input device.

Basic Input Devices:The input devices required to operate a PC called basic input devices.These devices are always required for basic input operation.These devices include the keyboard and the mouse.

Special Input Devices:Input Devices that are not required to operate a PC are called special input device.These device are used for various special purpose and are essential for basic input operation ,These devices include trackballs,light pens,touch screen,joysticks,digitizers,scanners,optical mark readers (OMR),bar code readers(BCR),optical character readers(OCR),magnetic stripe character recognition(MICR)and voice-input devices.

1.Keyboard-The Keyboard is the most common input device used for manual input.Data entry computer keyboard are similar to elecronic typewriter keyboard but have addtional keys.keyboard are standardized for use all types of computers,such as PC,workstations,or notebook computers.

The key on computer keyboard are classified-

 1. Letter Keys: These are the 26 letters of English alphabet arranged as in a typewriter.

2. Digit Keys: There are two sets of digit keys; one on the second row from the top of the keys just  as in a typewriter and the other is a numeric key pad at the bottom right which allows quick entry of numbers with the fingers of one hand.

3. Special character keys: These are characters such as <, >, ?, /, {, }, [, ], (, ), ., ―, @, #, $, %,  *, etc

4. Non-printable control  keys: These are used for backspacing, going to the next line tabulation,moving the cursor up or down, insert, delete characters etc.There is also a space bar at the bottom for leaving a space.

5. Function keys: referred to as F1, F2, and F15, these keys, when hit, launch computer programs.

2.Mouse- A mouse is a device that controls the movement of a cursor on a display screen.It is a small object that you can move on a hard,flat surface.It gets its name from its shape,which resembles a drum.as you move the mouse,the pointer on the display screen moves in its  direction. A mouse has least one button and sometimes three boyyons that have different function depending on the program that  is running.there are three basic types of mice.mechanical and  optical.Wireless mice are also being manufatured.These transmit mouse movement to a computer wireless and computer wirelessly and are convenient to use.  

Other input devices-

Trackpad-Often seen on laptops, the trackpad (also known as the touchpad) is used to move the pointer on the screen.

Trackball: A device that is stationary but has a ball that can be moved to control the pointer.

Joystick: Frequently found in simulation and gaming    systems.

Touch Screen: Touch-based direct interaction with the  screen.

Scanner: Creates digital copies of paper documents.  

Light Pen: A light pen is a pointing instrument that resembles a pen.

Microphone: For recording, speech recognition, and    voice input.

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